History & People of the Yabgo Kingdom
After the Tibetan empire broke up in the 10th century, the town emerged as the seat of an independent kingdom. Under the Yabgo dynasty it became the second-largest kingdom in Baltistan, guarding the trade route up the Shyok River to Ladakh. Its rulers used the old Turkic title Yabghu.
In 1840 Raja Daulat Ali Khan built the palace that still dominates the town. Islam had arrived centuries earlier through the Persian saint Syed Ali Hamadani, to whom the Chaqchan Mosque is attributed, and the Noorbakhshi Sufi order remains important here. The people are Balti, speaking a Tibetan-related language, and the town keeps a slower, more traditional pace than Skardu.
Visitors often notice the architecture first. Old houses and religious buildings use layered timber and stone, with carved wooden balconies and window frames that show links to both Tibet and Kashmir. Several of them, including the palace and the Astana, were conserved by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture.